Shingle



H. ABRAHAM Nov. 24, 1953 SHINGLE Filed Oct. 16, 1951 JNVENTOR. 1557 2552? jfiEflHi/Y Patented Nov. 24, 1953 UNITED STATES R SHINGLE Herbert Abraham, New York, N. Y., assignor to The Ruberoid 00., New York, N. Y., a corporation of New Jersey Application October 16, 1951, Serial No. 251,589

4 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in a shingle, and more particularly to a shingle of the class commonly known as an interlocking asphalt shingle.

Among the objects and advantages of the invention are to provide shingles of this class:

(1) That can be laid selectively either to form a roof. of single or of double coverage;

(2) That produce similarly shaped exposurepatterns, though differing somewhat in dimensions, when laid in either manner. In the present instance the patterns are of hexagonal shape and attractive in appearance;

(3) That are self-aligning and easy to apply either for single or double coverage;

(4) That efiect a firm interlock which is strongly resistant to winds of high velocity;

' (5) That aiiord adequate nailing space to secure the shingles firmly when laid in either manner; and,

(6) That efiect a marked economy in material for both single and double coverage use.

By the term single-coverage is meant a covering having only one thickness of roofing material at certain portions of the roof surface, and by theterm double-coverage is meant a covering of at least two thicknesses of material at all portions of the surface. Single-coverage shingles are generally used for re-roofing purposes, that is, for application over previously shingled roofs, while double-coverage shingles are ordinarily used for new work. Provision of shingles that may be used for either purpose is advantageous, economical, and space-saving for the dealers since it permits them to keep in stock a single type of shingle to effect both manners of coverage. This is particularly true of the shingles of the present invention because, as hereinbefore "stated when laid in either manner they produce hexagonal patterns, and accordingly satisfy the requirements of customers who desire roofs of either single or double coverage of that form.

In the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is a top plan view of the improved shingle;

Fig. 2 is a plan view of several shingles laid to efiect a covering that affords single-coverage; and,

Fig. 3 is a similar view of the shingles laid to provide a covering of double-coverage.

The shingle I0 is made of asphalt roofing material or the like and has sloping side edge portions lll I that slope downward toward the lower end or butt 12. The angularity of the edge portions H is that of the hypotenuse of a rightangle triangle whose base is one-half its altitude.

At each side of the butt is a locking tab I 3 having a downwardly inclined upper edge l4 and a straight vertical outer edge IS.

The sides of the top or upper part of the shingle are defined by parallel vertical edge portions l6l6 and l8--I8, respectively, the portions l6 and I 8 at each side being joined by inclined edge portions IT. The edges l6 and I I together form a shoulder l9 at each side. The top of the shingle has a straight horizontal edge 20.

As will hereinafter be more fully explained, the edge portions I6 and (8 provide guides for gpplying the shingles in proper alinement when laid either for single or double-coverage. For the sake of economy in material in cutting the shingles with the least waste, the inclination of the edges I i is the same as that of the edges M of the locking tabs l3. The shingles are preferably cut from the sheet with alternate ones in reverse position in a manner well known in the art. With shingles of the present form, when so cut, the waste of material is somewhat less than one percent. The sheets from which shingles are out are generally made in widths of about thirty-six or seventy-two inches, and accordingly the shingles are preferably cut so that each will have a height of eighteen inches.

Two slits 2| and 22 are formed in each inclined edge portion I l of the shingle, the angularity of which slits is the same as that of said inclined edge portions. The provision of these slits enables the shingle to be laid with like shingles to effect either single or double coverage. The slits 2i are used when the shingles are laid for singlecoverage while the slits 22 are used when they are laid for double-coverage.

To attain the desired results the location of the slits in the'sides in an important feature. To obtain single-coverage with hexagonal shaped exposure patterns the end 23 of slits 2| must be so positioned that the vertical distance X from the lower end of the shingle to said end of the slit is equal to /2(H-h), where H is the height of the shingle and h is the minimum amount of headlap required to safeguard against leakage, and the vertical distance Y from the lower end of the shingle to the lower end 24 of slits 22 is equal to H, that is, one-third the height of the shingle. For example, with a shingle of eighteen inch height intended to be laid for singlecoverage with a two inch headlap the distance X will be eight inches, and the distance Y will be six inches.

In applying the shingles to provide a covering of single-coverage the locking tabs 13 of each it formed of eh tree h'ei 'ag'dnal a teries 3 shingle A of an upper course are engaged in the slits 2| of two adjacent shingles B and C of the next lower course, as shown in Fig. 2, thus forming a succession of hexagonal exposure patterns in staggered arrangement throughout the roof. As laid for single-coverage the vertical edge portions I6 of the shingles in each course or horizontal aw abutgthiis providing 'a self-bnt'aihed guide for properly and expeditiously laying the shingles in correct alinement. The shingles are secured to the roof by nails 25 driven into therri above and adjacent to the slits 2| as illustrated;

To efiect double-coverage, the, shingles are laid as shown in Fig. 3. In this in s taiice tlie men-he i 1 tabs l3 of each shingle A are 'figagd iii the slits '22 of shingles B and C. Asso laid the shoulder portions IQ of adjacent shirigle everihp selfalinement is afiorded by registering the edges Ill with each other. On referring again to Fig. 3 it will be seen that in this instance also the roof it will he noted {that aheh eiq for coverage, as inFiE. 2 the 23 {oi the its '2! offe'ach pair a: cent shingles of any course ial lfifion and lin pwith tli ewei endor b utt 12 of the s'hir'igle of thefnex't er eeuiee ehgag h thosesiits, "they likewise therg af d fer do average; asii ig 3; the ends 2 4 of thesiit's i2 register ith the lapping shingle. In both -i' r ten distance etween th "he t 123 hun -+24, thj'cas'e' may he, bi adjacent shingles in a hours'e s the same,

e feet f shing1e, and for double=coverage tb l ll wv i e v e Wh e I ave re'ferred tothf openings 21 and A 22 r ts I ise the te m in breed 'se to Various modifications in detail may be made within the scope of the invention as herein described.

I claim:

1. A shingle adapted to be laid in interlocked relation with like shingles to form a covering of single-coverage or of double-coverage with hexfifiihail shaped fkposui' atterns in either case, said shingle having a, single continuous downwardly sloping edge portions along each side, a a locking tab at either side of its lower end, and two sets of slits formed in the sloping side edge portionsone se t spaced upward from the other, the wee st df islits providing means for inter effect double-coverage and the upper set providing ineans for interlocking to efiect singie teweiage V 2. A shingle adapted to be laid in interlocked re'ieitihi'i with like shingles to form a covering of single-coverage or of double-coverage with hex- "l'd ei'ipdsur'e patterns in either case, I V e batt ing a single continuous downearth sie eihe eiige eitiehs along eeeh side a locking tab at either side of its lower end, I iibpr peren 6f the shingle iiiiinediatly H v the sieishig *'d'g aeit ehs being 'dfirfed a Pair df parallel vertical side edge anda second pair of parallel v V inwardly we self-alining to effect db'iiblfe co verage, and two .I lqi i ii ed Do rd rent the other, the g mean in? it kv pubic-coverage and the upper set w ov' ing means for interlocking to effect single eevemge.

a elf .i i' mem i fi' subtracting the headlap from the height of the shingle.

HERBERT ABRAHAM.

Referne'espited in the file d this eeteht I hie-the 

